In 1965, Campbell, Villen Weider of General Electric (GE) applied FDM to simulate large thick castings and proposed a predictable solidification model.
In 1962, Forsund of Denmark firstly used computer and FDM to calculate the heat transfer in casting solidification process. These methodes can provide a variety of criteria for shrinkage porosity and shrinkage cavity prediction. There are many methods to predict shrinkage cavity, 2– 9 including isothermal curve method, isothermal gradient method, flow conductivity method, isosolid phase rate curve method, solid phase rate gradient method and liquid metal feeding distance method. Normally, a FDM (finite difference method) algorithm is applied to simulate temperature field. Simulation of solidification mainly includes the heat transfer between casting and mold and surrounding environment (heat conduction between metal and mold, heat radiation between metal and environment, convective heat transfer), latent heat releasing during solidification (considered as a heat conduction problem with internal heat source), the temperature field simulation of liquid-solid state, and the formation of shrinkage cavity and porosity during solidification. All subjects Allied Health Cardiology & Cardiovascular Medicine Dentistry Emergency Medicine & Critical Care Endocrinology & Metabolism Environmental Science General Medicine Geriatrics Infectious Diseases Medico-legal Neurology Nursing Nutrition Obstetrics & Gynecology Oncology Orthopaedics & Sports Medicine Otolaryngology Palliative Medicine & Chronic Care Pediatrics Pharmacology & Toxicology Psychiatry & Psychology Public Health Pulmonary & Respiratory Medicine Radiology Research Methods & Evaluation Rheumatology Surgery Tropical Medicine Veterinary Medicine Cell Biology Clinical Biochemistry Environmental Science Life Sciences Neuroscience Pharmacology & Toxicology Biomedical Engineering Engineering & Computing Environmental Engineering Materials Science Anthropology & Archaeology Communication & Media Studies Criminology & Criminal Justice Cultural Studies Economics & Development Education Environmental Studies Ethnic Studies Family Studies Gender Studies Geography Gerontology & Aging Group Studies History Information Science Interpersonal Violence Language & Linguistics Law Management & Organization Studies Marketing & Hospitality Music Peace Studies & Conflict Resolution Philosophy Politics & International Relations Psychoanalysis Psychology & Counseling Public Administration Regional Studies Religion Research Methods & Evaluation Science & Society Studies Social Work & Social Policy Sociology Special Education Urban Studies & Planning BROWSE JOURNALSĪfter the high-temperature liquid metal is filled in the mold, it releases heat, and gradually cools and solidifies, finally forms the casting product.
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